CSCI 1100讲解、CS1 Multiverse辅导、Python讲解、Python编程语言辅导

日期：2019-04-21 08:24

CSCI 1100 — Computer Science 1 Homework 8

CS1 Multiverse: Classes

Overview

This homework is worth 100 points toward your overall homework grade, and is due Thursday,

April 25, 2019 at 11:59:59 pm. Please download hw08_files.zip. and unzip it into the directory

for your HW 8. You will find multiple data files to be used for tests.

The goal of this assignment is to work with classes. You will be asked to write a simulation engine

and use classes to encapsulate data and functionality. You will have a lot of design choices to make.

While we have done simulations before, this one will be more complex. It is especially important

that you start slowly, build a program that works for simple cases, test it and then add more

complexity. We will give lots of partial credit even if you do not get all the answers right. We will

provide test cases of increasing difficulty. Make sure you develop slowly and test thoroughly.

Submission Instructions

In this homework, for the first time, you will be submitting multiple files to Submitty that together

comprise a single program.

Please follow these instructions carefully.

You must submit three files. A file called Person.py that contains your Person class, a file called

Universe.py that contains your Universe class and a file called hw8.py that contains your main

program.

As always, make sure you follow the program structure guidelines. You will be graded on program

correctness as well as good program structure.

Remember as well that we will be continuing to test homework assignments for similarity. So,

follow our guidelines for the acceptable levels of collaboration. You can download the guidelines

from the Course Materials section of Submitty if you need a refresher. Note that guidelines also

forbid using someone else’s code from a previous semester. Make sure the code you submit is truly

your own.

Enter the multiverse: Universes

Many TV shows and movies make use of the theory of a multiverse. According to this theory many

universes very similar to ours exist at the same time. In fact, different versions of us may exist

in these universes as well. These alternate versions are very similar to us but may differ in very

fundamental ways. For example see regular and evil Spock from the original Star Trek (left), the

Council of Ricks from Rick and Morty (middle) and the recent Council of Wells from Flash (right).

Other examples include evil Willow and Xander. We can go on and on, but you get the point.

Same individual but with a few fundamental differences that arise because they are from a different

universe.

In this homework, you will have multiple universes each identified by their name. Assume each

universe has the same dimensions, a rectangle between coordinates (0,0) at the upper left corner

and (1000,1000) at the lower right corner. Each universe has some attributes:

The name of the universe given by a string.

A list of rewards in that universe.

Each reward has the following information: x, y, points, and name,

where x,y is the location the reward is located in this universe, it has the point value (points)

and the (name) which describes the reward.

A list of portals, each can transport you to a different universe.

Each portal has the following information: from_x, from_y, to_name, to_x, to_y

which means that the portal is at location from_x,from_y in the current universe and it

transports you to location to_x,to_y in universe with name to_name.

In the early tests for the homework, we will assume that there is a single universe with rewards,

but no portals. As the plot thickens, we will add the portals and other universes.

You must implement a universe class to hold the above information and store it in a file called

Universe.py. At a minimum, your Universe class must have a constructor (__init__) function

and a string representation (__str__) function.

As you implement the main program, you may find other useful methods for this class that will

simplify your program.

Here is an example universe from a test case:

Universe: EasyCS1 (4 rewards and 0 portals)

Rewards:

at (40,60) for 10 points: instant set knowledge

at (100,200) for 40 points: bonus 5 points on one homework

at (200,400) for 30 points: instant knowledge of list comprehension

at (600,800) for 50 points: good variable name generation ability

Portals:

None

Multiverse: Individuals

In your simulation, you will track individuals moving along the universe. Each individual will have

the following attributes:

name, radius, home_universe, x, y, dx, dy, current_universe, rewards

Each individual is from a specific universe (though we only use this to print where they are from).

They are represented as a circle with a given radius. Their current location is given by x, y and

the current_universe they are on. Individuals have a speed given by their movement along x and

y axis, stored in (dx, dy). Eventually individuals may stop or slow down, we will see how later.

You will be given an initial location and speed for each individual. They will all start moving in

their current universe, but may move to other universes through portals. They may also pick up

rewards over time, which you want to store. Initially, rewards will be empty. We will be interested

in the awards the individual picked up as well as their total point value.

Implement a person class to hold the necessary data for each person. Store this in a file called

Person.py.

As in universes, you may find that implementing some methods for each person class may signifi-

cantly simplify your main code.

Here are some example individuals from one of our test cases.

Scientist of EasyCS1 in universe EasyCS1

at (20,30) speed (20,30) with 0 rewards and 0 points

Engineer of EasyCS1 in universe EasyCS1

at (600,800) speed (-40,-10) with 0 rewards and 0 points

CS1 Multiverse: The Main Idea

Here is the main idea of the simulation: In this simulation, you have (potentially) many universes

and many individuals. Each individual is initially in their own universe at a specified location.

At each step of the simulation, each individual moves one time (i.e., x += dx, y += dy). Then,

we check a number of conditions. Each condition is checked in the same order the individuals are

given from the input file:

1. If an individual passes near a location with treasure, she picks it up. As she carries more

items, her speed goes down under the weight. The speed change will impact either dx or dy

as they shift left to right.

If the magnitude (absolute value) of a person’s speed drops below 10 in either the x or y

directions, she stops moving. Stopped individuals will no longer move in later steps.

2. If an individual reaches the edge of the board, then she stops moving. Check for the center

of the individual being passed or at the border.

3. If two individuals hit each other while moving, they each drop the first reward they picked up

(if they have any). The reward returns to its original location. Note that dropping a reward

increases a person’s speed. After a collision, both individuals begin moving in the opposite

direction with their new speed.

4. If an individual comes near the location of a portal, then she moves to a different universe

that this portal points to. In the next simulation step, she will continue her journey in that

new universe.

The simulation ends either at 100 steps or when there is no individual left moving. At the end of

the simulation, the individual with the largest amount of collected treasure wins the game.

Whenever we are testing whether an individual is close to a reward, we check if the distance between

the individual’s location (x1, y1) and the reward’s location (rx,ry) is less than or equal to the

individual’s radius (radius1): sqrt((x1 - rx)**2 + (y1 - ry)**2) <= radius1

To check whether two individual collide, we will look at the distance between their location

(x1,y1 and x2, y2) being less than or equal to the sum of their radius radius1 and radius2:

sqrt((x1 - x2)**2 + (y1 - y2)**2) <= radius1 + radius2

Note that, you will be given multiple test cases that only include steps (1) and (2) above. First

implement these and test them. Then we will include test cases with collisions but no portals.

Finally, we will have test cases with portals with or without collisions as universe expands.

For simplicity, we will give you all the relevant information about the program in a single JSON

file. The file contains a single list, each item in the list is a universe.

Each universe is a dictionary with keys: universe_name, rewards, portals, and individuals as

shown below:

Universe Dictionary Field Data Type

universe_name String

rewards List of tuples with 4 values: x, y, points, description

portals List of tuples with 5 values: fromx, fromy, to_universe, to_x, to_y

individuals List of tuples with 6 values: name, radius, x, y, dx, dy

Individuals are listed for a specific universe only. This is their home universe. When the simulation

starts, the individual is also located in this universe in the initial x, y coordinates.

The details of the simulation are given below. We recommend you implement slowly, reading each

step and implementing it first. Think where the implementation should fall? A member function

for universe or person classes, a function in your main program or simple code? Give yourself plenty

of time to make changes to your program as needed.

Happy implementation!

CS1 Multiverse: Detailed Problem Description

Create the class files Universe.py and Person.py containing class descriptions as described above.

Write a program stored in file hw8.py and import both classes into this file:

from Person import *

from Universe import *

Then, ask the user a single file name to read all universe and individual information:

Input file => file1.txt

file1.txt

You can read the whole info using a single line of code as before:

data = json.loads(open(fname).read())

Using the data provided, create and store people and universe information in your program. Print

out the main information for each universe and each individual first.

All universes

----------------------------------------

Universe: EasyCS1 (4 rewards and 0 portals)

Rewards:

at (40,60) for 10 points: instant set knowledge

at (100,200) for 40 points: bonus 5 points on one homework

at (200,400) for 30 points: instant knowledge of list comprehension

at (600,800) for 50 points: good variable name generation ability

Portals:

None

All individuals

----------------------------------------

Scientist of EasyCS1 in universe EasyCS1

at (20,30) speed (20,30) with 0 rewards and 0 points

Engineer of EasyCS1 in universe EasyCS1

at (600,800) speed (-40,-10) with 0 rewards and 0 points

Note: There are 40 dashes in the underline and a 4 space indent when printing individuals.

Now, start simulation and repeat each step below until 100 steps are reached, or no individuals are

moving. At each step:

1. Increment the simulation counter.

2. Move all individuals in the order they are given in the input file by adding their dx, dy to

their current location.

3. If an individual stops because their center is at or past the edge of the board, print a message.

Archie stopped at simulation step 33 at location (1005.0,340.0)

4. For each individual, check if they are able to reach a reward (i.e., the distance between their

current location and the location of a reward in their current universe is less than or equal to

the radius of the individual).

If so, individual picks up the reward and the reward is no longer available to anyone else.

Furthermore, the speed of the individual decreases according to the formula:

dx = dx - (n % 2)* (n / 6) * dx

dy = dy - ((n + 1) % 2)* (n / 6) * dy

where n is the current number of rewards the individual has.

Finally, print a message to show the reward that is picked and the individual’s current info.

Scientist picked up "good variable name generation ability" at simulation step 33

Scientist of EasyCS1 in universe EasyCS1

at (596.7,563.3) speed (8.3,13.3) with 3 rewards and 90 points

Remember that if the magnitude (absolute value) of a person’s speed drops below 10 in either

the x or y directions, she stops moving.

5. If the distance between two individuals is less than or equal to the sum of their radii, then

they crash. In this case:

Each individual drops the first reward in their list (if they have any rewards). The reward

goes back to its original location in the universe in which it originated.

The speed of the individual dropping a reward increases because their load is reversed and

reverses direction, given by:

dx = -(dx + (n % 2) * (n / 6) * dx)

dy = -(dy + ((n + 1) % 2)* (n / 6) * dy)

where n is the total number of current rewards for the individual after dropping the reward.

Print a message indicating the event.

Scientist and Archie crashed at simulation step 5 in universe IntersectionalCS1

Scientist dropped "instant set knowledge", reward returned to IntersectionalCS1 at

(80,80)

Scientist of IntersectionalCS1 in universe IntersectionalCS1

at (126.7,180.0) speed (-16.7,-30.0) with 0 rewards and 0 points

Archie of IntersectionalCS1 in universe IntersectionalCS1

at (120.0,225.0) speed (-20.0,-15.0) with 0 rewards and 0 points

6. Finally, if an individual is able to reach a portal (i.e., the distance between the individual’s

current location and the location of a portal is less than or equal to their radius), then the

individual passes through the portal and moves to the universe pointed by the portal. Print

an appropriate message.

Scientist passed through a portal at simulation step 9

Scientist of MediumCS1 in universe EvilCS1

at (200.0,200.0) speed (16.7,30.0) with 1 rewards and 10 points

When the simulation ends, print the step the simulation ended, the number of individuals still

moving at the end of the simulation, who is still moving, and the individual(s) with the highest

number of points and the rewards that they have.

Simulation stopped at step 48

0 individuals still moving

Winners:

Scientist of MediumCS1 in universe EvilCS1

at (850.0,1000.0) speed (16.7,20.0) with 2 rewards and 40 points

Rewards:

instant set knowledge

ability to create black hole in Python

When you have fully tested your program, submit it as described above.

For this homework, we will be giving you both input files and the output created by them (instead

of posting in PDF) so that you can test your code. Happy hunting for rewards!

To match the output: any indentation is 4 spaces. The line of hyphens is 40 characters long. Note

that you must print your input file name as always.